Sechikamu chakakosha chesimbi mahwendefa, mahwendefa emidziyo anoita basa rakakosha muindasitiri yemazuva ano. Nekuda kwekuumbwa kwavo kwakakosha uye zvivakwa, ivo vanonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira midziyo yekumanikidza kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvakasimba zvekumanikidza, tembiricha uye kusagadzikana kwekuora mune akasiyana maindasitiri mamiriro.
Special kuumbwa uye kuita
Kuumbwa kwemakemikari emahwendefa emidziyo yakanyatsogadzirwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti vane hunyanzvi hwekuita. Pamusoro pezvinhu zvekutanga, alloy zvinhu zvakaita sechromium, nickel, molybdenum, uye vanadium inowedzerwa zvinoenderana neyakasiyana nharaunda yekushandisa uye nekuita zvinodiwa. Kuwedzerwa kwezvinhu izvi kunogona kunyatso kuvandudza simba, kuomarara, kuomarara kuramba uye tembiricha yekudzivirira kwemahwendefa emidziyo, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune akasiyana siyana ekushanda mamiriro.
Panyaya yezvivakwa zvemuchina, mahwendefa emidziyo ane simba rakanakisa uye kuoma. Simba repamusoro rinovagonesa kutsungirira kudzvanywa kukuru pasina deformation kana kuputika; kusimba kwakanaka kunogona kudzivirira brittle kutyoka pasi pesimba rekunze senge kukanganisa kana vibration, kuve nechokwadi chekushanda kwakachengeteka kwemidziyo. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuita kwayo kwakanaka kwewelding uye kuita kwekugadzirisa kunoita kuti zvive nyore kugadzira midziyo yekumanikidza yeakasiyana maumbirwo uye zvakatemwa kuti zvisangane nezvakasiyana zveinjiniya zvinodiwa.
Yakapfuma uye yakasiyana-siyana classifications
Zvinoenderana nezviyero zvakasiyana, mahwendefa emidziyo anogona kuiswa munzira dzakawanda. Zvinoenderana nechinangwa, inogona kukamurwa kuita general pressure mudziyo simbi, yakaderera tembiricha kumanikidza mudziyo simbi, yakakwirira tembiricha kumanikidza mudziyo simbi, Stainless simbi composite simbi ndiro, etc. General kumanikidzwa mudziyo simbi inokodzera svikiro uye zvakajairika tembiricha, svikiro uye pasi kumanikidzwa nharaunda, uye ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa zvinhu zvinokosha; yakadzika tembiricha yekumanikidza mudziyo simbi ine yakanaka yakaderera tembiricha kuoma uye inokodzera yakaderera tembiricha sevhisi nharaunda; yakakwirira tembiricha kumanikidza mudziyo simbi inogona kuchengetedza yakagadzikana mashandiro munzvimbo yepamusoro tembiricha uye kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushisa kwakanyanya kushanda mamiriro; simbi isina tsvina inoumbwa nendiro yesimbi inosanganisa kushorwa kwesimbi isina tsvina uye kusimba kwesimbi yakajairwa, uye inokodzera zviratidziro zvine zvakakosha zvinodiwa pakuramba kusimba.
Zvinoenderana nekuumbwa kwemakemikari, mahwendefa emidziyo anogona kukamurwa kuita kabhoni simbi yemidziyo mahwendefa, yakaderera alloy simbi yemidziyo mahwendefa uye simbi isina tsvina. Carbon simbi yemidziyo mahwendefa ane mutengo wakaderera uye yakanaka maitiro ekuita; yakaderera alloy simbi yemidziyo mahwendefa ane zvakanyanya kunatsiridza simba, kusimba uye kushora kuramba nekuwedzera alloy zvinhu; Stainless simbi yemidziyo mahwendefa anowanzo shandiswa mumaindasitiri ane yakanyanyisa kusimba yekudzivirira zvinodiwa senge indasitiri yemakemikari nechikafu nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwavo kwegora.
Wide application fields
Mahwendefa emukombe ane huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa uye anoita basa rinokosha mumaindasitiri akadai sepetroleum, indasitiri yemakemikari, zviteshi zvemagetsi, boilers, nezvimwe. Midziyo iyi inoda kushanda kwenguva yakareba pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara senge tembiricha yakanyanya, high pressure, uye corrosion yakasimba. Iko kushanda kwepamusoro kwemidziyo yemidziyo inopa vimbiso yakavimbika yekushanda kwavo kwakachengeteka uye kwakagadzikana.
Mumunda wezviteshi zvemagetsi uye boilers, mahwendefa emidziyo anoshandiswa kugadzira zvinhu zvakakosha senge madhiramu ebhailer uye nyukireya reactor pressure midziyo. Zvigubhu zvebhoiler zvinoda kutsungirira kudziya kwepamusoro-soro uye kudzvanywa kwemhepo, izvo zvinoda kusimba kwakanyanya uye kukwirisa-kupisa kwemidziyo; nyukireya reactor pressure ngarava ine chekuita nekushanda kwakachengeteka kwezvidyarwa zvemagetsi enyukireya, uye zvinenge zvakaomesesa zviyero zvinoiswa pamhando nekushanda kwemahwendefa emidziyo.
Uye zvakare, mumishonga, chikafu, kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza uye mamwe maindasitiri, mahwendefa emidziyo anoshandiswawo kugadzira akasiyana siyana ekuchengetedza uye maitiro emidziyo kusangana neiyo indasitiri zvinodiwa zvehutsanana, corrosion resistance, nezvimwe.
Mamiriro ekutumira akasiyana
Mamiriro ekutumira mahwendefa emidziyo anonyanya kusanganisira kupisa kukunguruka, kudzorwa kutenderedza, normalizing, normalizing + tempering, tempering + quenching (tempering), etc. Mamiriro akasiyana ekutakura achaita kuti mahwendefa emudziyo aratidze masangano akasiyana uye zvivakwa. Munyika inopisa-yakaputika, mari yeplate yesimbi yakaderera, asi kufanana kwekushanda kwakashata; inodzorwa kutenderedza inogona kunatsa zviyo uye kuvandudza kusimba uye kusimba kwesimbi ndiro nekunyatso kudzora iyo rolling process parameters; normalizing inogona kugadzira chimiro chesimbi ndiro yunifomu uye kuvandudza ma mechanical properties; normalizing + tempering inogona kuwedzera kubvisa kushushikana kwemukati, kuvandudza kuoma uye kugadzikana kwedimensional; kudzima uye kupisa kunogona kuita kuti ndiro yesimbi iwane musanganiswa wepamusoro wesimba uye kusimba kwakanaka.
Kusarudzwa kwenzvimbo yakakodzera yekuendesa kunoda kutariswa kwakadzama kwezvinhu zvakaita semamiriro ekushandisa, tekinoroji yekugadzirisa uye mutengo wemudziyo. Semuenzaniso, kune midziyo yekumanikidza iyo iri pasi pekumanikidzwa kukuru uye kukanganisa, mamiriro ekutumira ekudzima uye kupisa kurapwa kunowanzoshandiswa; nepo kune mamwe midziyo inotarisisa mutengo uye ine yakaderera kuita zvinodiwa, inopisa-yakakungurutswa kana yakajairwa mudziyo ndiro inogona kuve yakakodzera.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-22-2025