Ⅰ-AcidPickling
1.- Tsanangudzo yeAcid-Pickling: Acids inoshandiswa kubvisa iron oxide scale kemikari pane imwe pfungwa, tembiricha, uye kumhanya, iyo inonzi pickling.
2.- Acid-Pickling classification: Maererano nemhando yeasidhi, yakakamurwa kuva sulfuric acid pickling, hydrochloric acid pickling, nitric acid pickling, uye hydrofluoric acid pickling. Midhiya yakasiyana-siyana inofanira kusarudzwa yekutora kubva pane zvinhu zvesimbi, zvakadai se pickling kabhoni simbi ine sulfuric acid uye hydrochloric acid, kana pickling simbi isina tsvina nemusanganiswa we nitric acid uye hydrofluoric acid.
Zvinoenderana nechimiro chesimbi, yakakamurwa kuita waya pickling, forging pickling, steel plate pickling, strip pickling, etc.
Zvinoenderana nemhando yemidziyo yekunhonga, yakakamurwa kuita tangi yekunhonga, semi inoenderera kunhonga, kuenderera kuzere pickling, uye tower pickling.
3.- Nheyo yeasidhi pickling: Acid pickling ndiyo nzira yekubvisa zvikero zvesimbi oxide kubva panzvimbo yesimbi uchishandisa nzira dzemakemikari, saka inonziwo chemical acid pickling. Iron oxide scales (Fe203, Fe304, Fe0) yakaumbwa pamusoro pepombi dzesimbi ndiyo basic oxide isinganyunguriki mumvura. Pavanenge vanyudzwa mumushonga weasidhi kana kupfapfaidzwa neacid solution pamusoro, idzi basic oxide dzinogona kuita shanduko yemakemikari neasidhi.
Nekuda kwekusasununguka, porous, uye kutsemuka hunhu hweiyo oxide sikero pamusoro pekabhoni structural simbi kana yakaderera alloy simbi, zvakabatanidzwa nekudzokororwa kudzokororwa kweiyo oxide sikero pamwe nesimbi yemutsetse panguva yekutwasanuka, kusawirirana kutwasanuka, uye kufambisa pamutsetse wekunhonga, mapore aya anotsemuka anowedzera kuwedzera nekuwedzera. Naizvozvo, iyo asidhi mhinduro inopindirana neiyo oxide chiyero chemakemikari uye zvakare inopindirana nesimbi substrate iron kuburikidza nekutsemuka uye pores. Kureva kuti, pakutanga kwekugezwa kweasidhi, kuita kwemakemikari matatu pakati pesimbi oxide sikeri uye simbi simbi uye asidhi mhinduro inoitwa panguva imwe chete Iron oxide zviyero zvinopinda kemikari inopindirana neasidhi uye inonyungudutswa (kuparara) Simbi yesimbi inopindirana neasidhi kuburitsa hydrogen gasi, iyo ine michina inosvuura kubva kune oxide sikeri (mechanical oxide inobvisa) Iyo inogadzirwa inoderedza iron oxide inobvisa hydrogens prophering effect. kune acid reactions, uyezve inopindirana nemaasidhi kubviswa (kuderedza).
Ⅱ-Passivation/Inactivation/Deactivation
1.- Passivation musimboti: Iyo passivation mechanism inogona kutsanangurwa neiyo yakaonda firimu dzidziso, iyo inoratidza kuti passivation inokonzerwa nekudyidzana pakati pesimbi uye oxidizing zvinhu, zvichigadzira yakaonda kwazvo, dense, yakavharwa zvakanaka, uye yakasimba adsorbed passivation firimu pamusoro pesimbi. Iyi firimu yefirimu iripo sechikamu chakazvimirira, kazhinji musanganiswa wemasimbi ane oxidized. Inoita basa rekuparadzanisa zvachose simbi kubva kune inopisa, kudzivirira simbi kuti isasangana neyakaora, nekudaro ichimisa kunyungudika kwesimbi uye kugadzira mamiriro ekuita kuti iwane anti-corrosion effect.
2.- Zvakanakira passivation:
1) Kuenzaniswa nemaitiro echinyakare ekusunga chisimbiso, kurapwa kwepassivation kune hunhu hwekusawedzera ukobvu hwechishandiso uye kushandura ruvara, kuvandudza iko kurongeka uye kukosha kwakawedzerwa kwechigadzirwa, zvichiita kuti kushanda kuve nyore;
2) Nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwemaitiro ekufambisa, iyo passivation mumiriri inogona kudzokororwa kuwedzerwa uye kushandiswa, zvichikonzera hupenyu hurefu uye mutengo wehupfumi.
3) Passivation inosimudzira kuumbwa kweokisijeni molecular chimiro passivation firimu pane simbi pamusoro, iyo compact uye yakagadzikana mukuita, uye ine yekuzvigadzirisa pachayo mumhepo panguva imwe chete. Naizvozvo, kana ichienzaniswa neyechinyakare nzira yekupfekedza antirust oiri, iyo passivation firimu inoumbwa nepassivation yakanyanya kugadzikana uye inodzivirira ngura. Mazhinji emhedzisiro yekuchaja muiyo oxide layer yakanangana kana zvisina kunanga kune maitiro ekupisa oxidation. Mutembiricha ye800-1250 ℃, iyo thermal oxidation process ichishandisa yakaoma oxygen, wet oxygen, kana mhute yemvura ine matanho matatu anoenderera. Chekutanga, iyo okisijeni iri mumhepo yezvakatipoteredza inopinda muyakagadzirwa oxide layer, uye ipapo okisijeni inopararira mukati kuburikidza nesilicon dioxide. Kana yasvika iyo Si02-Si interface, inobata nesilicon kuumba itsva silicon dioxide. Nenzira iyi, iyo inoenderera mberi yeokisijeni yekupinda diffusion reaction inoitika, zvichiita kuti silicon padyo neiyo interface irambe ichishandura kuita silica, uye iyo oxide layer inokura yakananga mukati mesilicon wafer pane imwe chiyero.
Ⅲ-Phosphating
Phosphating kurapwa ikemikari inogadzirisa inoumba chidimbu chefirimu (phosphating film) pamusoro. Iyo phosphating yekurapa maitiro inonyanya kushandiswa pamatare esimbi, nechinangwa chekupa firimu rekudzivirira kuti riparadzanise simbi kubva kumhepo uye kudzivirira ngura; Inogona zvakare kushandiswa sekutanga kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvisati zvapenda. Iine iyi layer yephosphating firimu, inogona kuvandudza adhesion uye corrosion kuramba kwependi layer, kunatsiridza zvivakwa zvekushongedza, uye kuita kuti simbi yesimbi iwedzere kunaka. Inogona zvakare kuita basa rekuzora mune mamwe simbi inotonhora kushanda maitiro.
Mushure mekurapa phosphating, iyo workpiece haizokonzerese kana kuita ngura kwenguva yakareba, saka kushandiswa kwephosphating kurapwa kwakawedzera uye zvakare inowanzoshandiswa simbi yepasi kurapwa maitiro. Iri kuwedzera kushandiswa mumaindasitiri akadai semotokari, ngarava, uye kugadzira michina.
1.- Kuronga uye kushandiswa kwephosphating
Kazhinji, kurapwa kwepamusoro kunopa rumwe ruvara, asi kurapwa kwephosphating kunogona kuenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo nekushandisa akasiyana phosphating agents kuratidza mavara akasiyana. Ichi ndicho chikonzero isu tichiwanzoona phosphating kurapwa mune grey, ruvara, kana dema.
Iron phosphating: mushure me phosphating, iyo nzvimbo inoratidza muraraungu ruvara uye yebhuruu, saka inonziwo ruvara phosphorus. Iyo phosphating mhinduro inonyanya kushandisa molybdate seyakasvibirira, iyo inozogadzira murarabungu ruvara phosphating firimu pamusoro pezvinhu zvesimbi, uye inonyanya kushandiswa kupenda yepasi layer, kuitira kuti iwane kusimba kwekupokana kweiyo workpiece uye kunatsiridza kunamatira kwepamusoro pekuvhara.
Nguva yekutumira: May-10-2024